Comunicaciones Móviles de Misión Crítica sobre Redes LTE

Mission Critical Communications (MCC) have been typically provided by proprietary radio technologies, but, in the last years, the interest to use commercial-off-the-shelf mobile technologies has increased. In this thesis, we explore the use of LTE to support MCC. We analyse the feasibility of LTE networks employing an experimental platform, PerformNetworks. To do so, we extend the testbed to increase the number of possible scenarios and the tooling available. After exploring the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of LTE, we propose different architectures to support the performance and functional requirements demanded by MCC. We have identified latency as one of the KPI to improve, so we have done several proposals to reduce it. These proposals follow the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm, locating the services in what we called the fog, close to the base station to avoid the backhaul and transport networks. Our first proposal is the Fog Gateway, which is a MEC solution fully compatible with standard LTE networks that analyses the traffic coming from the base station to decide whether it has to be routed to the fog of processed normally by the SGW. Our second proposal is its natural evolution, the GTP Gateway that requires modifications on the base station. With this proposal, the base station will only transport over GTP the traffic not going to the fog. Both proposals have been validated by providing emulated scenarios, and, in the case of the Fog Gateway, also with the implementation of different prototypes, proving its compatibility with standard LTE network and its performance. The gateways can reduce drastically the end-to-end latency, as they avoid the time consumed by the backhaul and transport networks, with a very low trade-off

Carácter comprensivo de la introducción y la discusión de resultados desde la lectura científica en revistas con alto factor de impacto

The aim of the study was to describe the comprehensiveness of the introduction and discussion of results from the scientific literature in journals with a high impact factor. The study was conducted from January to June 2023. From the ScienceDirect database the search equation in English with the Boolean AND was: comprehension AND scientific information AND formative competence AND university students. The years 2021, 2022 and 2023 were filtered and 10 research articles were selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The comprehensiveness towards the facilitation of alternatives and the discovery of obstacles was higher in the discussion of results. However, problem identification was recognized to be higher in the introduction: 80% > 20%. It was concluded that the comprehensiveness of scientific reading in high impact factor journals was described from three dimensions: identification of problems, facilitation of alternatives and discovery of obstacles. In each dimension, the percentage varied according to the methodological structure of the introduction and the discussion of results, being 80%, 36% and 44% for the former, and 20%, 64% and 56% for the latter.El objetivo del estudio fue describir el carácter comprensivo de la introducción y la discusión de los resultados desde la literatura científica en revistas con alto factor de impacto. El estudio se realizó desde enero a junio de 2023. Desde la base de datos ScienceDirect la ecuación de búsqueda en inglés con el signo booleano AND fue: comprehension AND scientific information AND formative competence AND university students. Se filtró los años 2021, 2022 y 2023 donde se seleccionó mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, 10 artículos de investigación. El carácter comprensivo hacia la facilitación de alternativas y el descubrimiento de obstáculos fue mayor en la discusión de resultados. Sin embargo, la identificación de problemas se reconoce que fue superior en la introducción: 80% > 20%. Se concluyó, que el carácter comprensivo de la lectura científica en las revistas de alto factor de impacto se describió desde tres dimensiones: identificación de problemas, facilitación de alternativas y descubrimiento de obstáculos. En cada dimensión, el porcentaje varió, según la estructura metodológica de la introducción y la discusión de resultados siendo de 80%, 36% y 44% para la primera, y 20%, 64% y 56% en la segunda

Identificación y evaluación de riesgos de seguridad en los puestos de trabajo: Empresa Maderera BALEYSPAC

La industria maderera ecuatoriana ha venido dando pasos importantes en la modernización de maquinarias y equipos, dado que en los últimos años se ha evidenciado un crecimiento exponencial en sus exportaciones a Europa y Asia. La empresa Baleyspac requiere de la identificación y evaluación de riesgos laborales en sus puestos de trabajo, para la aplicación de un plan preventivo acorde a la especialidad de la seguridad en el trabajo, mediante una planificación de medidas preventivas que mitiguen los riesgos laborales durante las operaciones del proceso de balsa. Con la metodología NTP330 se cuantificaron los riesgos mediante un orden de prioridad, determinado que los puestos asociados a esta actividad son considerados por simple inspección procesos de alto riesgo, debido a la utilización de herramientas de corte a altas revoluciones, equipos eléctricos y maquinaria a vapor que representan un peligro latente para las personas que operan en dichas áreas. La matriz de riesgos utilizada permitió evaluar las probabilidades y las consecuencias ante los peligros latentes en la empresa, derivando sus respectivos niveles. El resultado en cada procedimiento estudiado permitió valorar 6 tipos de riesgos por puestos de trabajo: físicos, químicos, mecánicos, biológicos, ergonómicos y psicosociales de los cuales el principal es el mecánico. Concluyendo que con el procedimiento realizado se pueden resolver los distintos problemas que se presentan con el uso de maquinarias y equipos, ya que muchas veces ocurren accidentes.PALABRAS CLAVE: Identificación; Evaluación; Matriz de Riesgos; Seguridad.Identification and assessment of safety risks in workplaces, BALEYSPAC wood companyABSTRACTThe Ecuadorian wood industry has been taking important steps in the modernization of machinery and equipment, given that in recent years there has been an exponential growth in its exports to Europe and Asia. The company Baleyspac requires the identification and evaluation of occupational risks in their jobs, for the application of a preventive plan according to the specialty of safety at work, through a planning of preventive measures that mitigate occupational risks during operations, of the raft process. With the NTP330 methodology, the risks were quantified through an order of priority, determining that the positions associated with this activity are considered by simple inspection high-risk processes, due to the use of cutting tools at high revolutions, electrical equipment and steam machinery. that represent a latent danger for the people who operate in said areas. The risk matrix used allowed evaluating the probabilities and consequences of the latent dangers in the company, resulting in the levels of dangers. The result in each procedure studied allowed us to assess 6 types of risks by job: physical, chemical, mechanical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial, of which the main one is the mechanic. Concluding that with the procedure carried out, the different problems that arise with the use of machinery and equipment can be solved, since they often trigger accidents.KEYWORDS: Identification; Assessment; Risks Matrix; Safety

Vivir y contar con la piel: Narraciones de las percepciones que tienen de su imagen corporal estudiantes que se han realizado modificaciones en su cuerpo

Las modificaciones corporales están tomando cada vez más fuerza entre los jóvenes y adolescentes quienes recurren a ellas para hacer un cambio en su cuerpo. Asimismo, esta práctica se puede ver en escenarios como la escuela, en donde los estudiantes apuestan por formas estéticas como piercings, tatuajes o expansores. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de esta investigación tiene que ver con interpretar las percepciones que tienen de su imagen corporal los estudiantes de básica secundaria y media de la Institución Educativa la piedad de la ciudad de Medellín, que se han realizado modificaciones en su cuerpo. La metodología tiene un enfoque cualitativo-narrativo y se utilizaron la encuesta, entrevista narrativa y mapas corporales como dispositivos para construir relatos. Entre los hallazgos, se puede encontrar que los estudiantes manifiestan haberse realizado las modificaciones corporales por diferentes razones, aquellos que se han realizado piercings y expansores manifiestan que lo hacen por mejorar su estilo, verse lindos, mejorar la estética de su cuerpo o solamente por moda, los que se han realizado tatuajes lo hacen porque impregna el significado de sucesos vividos en su cuerpo ya que aún hay mucho que vivir y contar con la piel. Los estudiantes perciben sus modificaciones corporales como una decisión propia e individual que toma cada uno sobre su cuerpo y permite plantear una reflexión sobre el papel de la individualidad en la moda. Una conclusión significativa es que la imagen corporal no es solo un proceso mental que hacen de forma inmadura o apresurada los estudiantes, por el contrario, es una expresión identitaria en la que se involucran los ámbitos social, cultural, estético, familiar, escolar y personal de cada estudiante; es una imagen propia que parte de experiencias vividas, plasmándose en la piel con ayuda de los otros, como una manifestación corporal para sí mismo e incluso para los demás

Ruminal ammonia concentration and fermentation kinetics of commercial herbal feed additives with amino acids

The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of rumen fermentation while estimating it’s in vitro protein degradation (from ruminal ammonia concentration) and kinetics regarding two herbal feed plant additives. The tested herbal mixtures were elaborated with Phaseolus mango and Linum usitatissimum, providing lysine (Lys) and Trigonella foenum-graecum and Allium sativa, providing Methionine (Met). They were compared to alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and solvent extracted soybean meal (Glicine max), as standard sources of protein using the in vitro gas production technique modified to estimate N-NH3, recording fermentation kinetics and dry matter digestibility (72 h), in a completely randomized design followed by Tukey test. Ruminal ammonia concentration in the herbal mixtures was lower (P<0.05) than in the standard protein sources, indicating that protein from herbal mixtures could resist ruminal degradation. Herbal additives with Lys or Met showed minimum N-NH3 concentration in the first 4 h of incubation. At 8 h, the concentration was 0.27 and 0.54 mg dL-1 for the herbal products with Lys and Met, significantly lower than solvent extracted soybean meal and alfalfa (1.15 and 2.24 mg dL-1 respectively, P<0.05). Highlights The tested herbal mixture elaborated with Phaseolus mango and Linum usitatissimum, provide bypass Lysine. The tested herbal mixture elaborated with Trigonella foenum-graecum and Allium sativa, provide bypass Methionine. Ruminal ammonia concentration in the herbal mixtures was lower than in the standard protein sources. Protein from herbal mixtures could resist ruminal degradation.The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of rumen fermentation while estimating it’s in vitro protein degradation (from ruminal ammonia concentration) and kinetics regarding two herbal feed plant additives. The tested herbal mixtures were elaborated with Phaseolus mango and Linum usitatissimum, providing lysine (Lys) and Trigonella foenum-graecum and Allium sativa, providing Methionine (Met). They were compared to alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and solvent extracted soybean meal (Glicine max), as standard sources of protein using the in vitro gas production technique modified to estimate N-NH3, recording fermentation kinetics and dry matter digestibility (72 h), in a completely randomized design followed by Tukey test. Ruminal ammonia concentration in the herbal mixtures was lower (P<0.05) than in the standard protein sources, indicating that protein from herbal mixtures could resist ruminal degradation. Herbal additives with Lys or Met showed minimum N-NH3 concentration in the first 4 h of incubation. At 8 h, the concentration was 0.27 and 0.54 mg dL-1 for the herbal products with Lys and Met, significantly lower than solvent extracted soybean meal and alfalfa (1.15 and 2.24 mg dL-1 respectively, P<0.05). Highlights The tested herbal mixture elaborated with Phaseolus mango and Linum usitatissimum, provide bypass Lysine. The tested herbal mixture elaborated with Trigonella foenum-graecum and Allium sativa, provide bypass Methionine. Ruminal ammonia concentration in the herbal mixtures was lower than in the standard protein sources. Protein from herbal mixtures could resist ruminal degradation

La tasa de descuento en el proceso de valoración de empresas: un estudio empírico en Colombia

La valoración de empresas es una actividad cada vez más importante en un contexto globalizado, con empresas más dinámicas e internacionalizadas en busca de la creación de valor. La internacionalización afecta cada vez más a los países en desarrollo que se ven impelidos a tratar con operaciones de compra-venta internacionales y demandas de sus partners cada vez más especializadas, como es el caso de Colombia. Normalmente el método utilizado en la valoración es el descuento de los flujos de efectivo, lo que precisa el uso de tasas de actualización ad-hoc. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal analizar la aplicación de la tasa de descuento en la actividad de valoración de empresas en Colombia. Para ello se lleva a cabo un estudio exploratorio de carácter empírico, sobre una encuesta realizada a 32 expertos colombianos en valoración de empresas. Nuestras principales conclusiones revelan que los valoradores colombianos siguen pautas comunes a los valoradores internacionales, aunque se observa una gran dispersión a la hora de estimar la tasa de descuento. De esta forma el trabajo realizado puede ser de interés no solo para los profesionales de la valoración, sino también para los académicos y empresarios que estén inmersos en este proceso, ya que ofrece información sobre la realidad colombiana en un contexto internaciona

Intermediate Molecular Phenotypes to Identify Genetic Markers of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity Risk.

Cardiotoxicity due to anthracyclines (CDA) affects cancer patients, but we cannot predict who may suffer from this complication. CDA is a complex trait with a polygenic component that is mainly unidentified. We propose that levels of intermediate molecular phenotypes (IMPs) in the myocardium associated with histopathological damage could explain CDA susceptibility, so variants of genes encoding these IMPs could identify patients susceptible to this complication. Thus, a genetically heterogeneous cohort of mice (n = 165) generated by backcrossing were treated with doxorubicin and docetaxel. We quantified heart fibrosis using an Ariol slide scanner and intramyocardial levels of IMPs using multiplex bead arrays and QPCR. We identified quantitative trait loci linked to IMPs (ipQTLs) and cdaQTLs via linkage analysis. In three cancer patient cohorts, CDA was quantified using echocardiography or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance. CDA behaves as a complex trait in the mouse cohort. IMP levels in the myocardium were associated with CDA. ipQTLs integrated into genetic models with cdaQTLs account for more CDA phenotypic variation than that explained by cda-QTLs alone. Allelic forms of genes encoding IMPs associated with CDA in mice, including AKT1, MAPK14, MAPK8, STAT3, CAS3, and TP53, are genetic determinants of CDA in patients. Two genetic risk scores for pediatric patients (n = 71) and women with breast cancer (n = 420) were generated using machine-learning Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. Thus, IMPs associated with heart damage identify genetic markers of CDA risk, thereby allowing more personalized patient management.J.P.L.’s lab is sponsored by Grant PID2020-118527RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011039; Grant PDC2021-121735-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011039 and by the “European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR”, the Regional Government of Castile and León (CSI144P20). J.P.L. and P.L.S. are supported by the Carlos III Health Institute (PIE14/00066). AGN laboratory and human patients’ studies are supported by an ISCIII project grant (PI18/01242). The Human Genotyping unit is a member of CeGen, PRB3, and is supported by grant PT17/0019 of the PE I + D + i 2013–2016, funded by ISCIII and ERDF. SCLl is supported by MINECO/FEDER research grants (RTI2018-094130-B-100). CH was supported by the Department of Defense (DoD) BCRP, No. BC190820; and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), No. R01CA184476. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) is a multi-program national laboratory operated by the University of California for the DOE under contract DE AC02-05CH11231. The Proteomics Unit belongs to ProteoRed, PRB3-ISCIII, supported by grant PT17/0019/0023 of the PE I + D +i, 2017–2020, funded by ISCIII and FEDER. RCC is funded by fellowships from the Spanish Regional Government of Castile and León. NGS is a recipient of an FPU fellowship (MINECO/FEDER). hiPSC-CM studies were funded in part by the “la Caixa” Banking Foundation under the project code HR18-00304 and a Severo Ochoa CNIC Intramural Project (Exp. 12-2016 IGP) to J.J.S

Medical students maintain their humanistic and patient‑centred vocation throughout Medicine Degree in Spain: a study based on narratives

Narrative medicine has great educational potential in the degree of medicine. This study explores for the frst time the use of narrative medicine in relation to longitudinal evolution of medical vocation for the same group of students. In the context of the Degree in Medicine at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), students wrote narratives about what it meant to them to be a doctor at the beginning and end of their studies. The narratives of 338 students of the academic years 2012/13– 2017/18 and 2013/14–2018/19 were analysed and compared. Students mostly pursued a degree in medicine on account of humanistic motivations, which are reinforced throughout their degree. In contrast, up to 10% of students reference to have experienced vocational crises and sufered frustration, with up to 25% of the references pertaining to having made signifcant sacrifces. Students maintain and evolve their humanistic, patient-centred vision throughout their degree studies, despite the difculties they appear to encounter. We suggest that eforts must be made to include more humanistic perspectives in the medical degree to keep this trend, which may improve both the educational experience created in universities and the health care given to patient

Research advances in Risaralda. An overview of 8 experiences

I am honored to present to you this remarkable book, a testament to the invaluable research conducted in the fields of Health, Law, Engineering, and Administrative Sciences. Each chapter within these pages represents the culmination of extensive investigations carried out by dedicated scholars affiliated with the Red Universitaria de Risaralda (RUN), a network comprising 15 esteemed higher education institutions. Risaralda has emerged as a thriving hub for higher education, bolstered by its strategic geographical location, high quality of life, rich biodiversity, and competitive development. Today, Pereira ranks third in the index of university cities, with a student enrollment rate exceeding 63%. Close to 50,000 students pursue academic programs within the department. Notably, three institutions have achieved accreditation for their excellence in education, positioning Risaralda among the most competitive regions in terms of accredited academic programs. As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Red Universitaria de Risaralda in 2023, it is with great pride that we reflect on its pivotal role in fostering collaboration among public and private higher education institutions. Our mission has been twofold: attracting students to our region and supporting sustainable development and quality of life for our community. The mesa de investigación (research committee) has diligently coordinated the necessary actions to unite our researchers, facilitating an integrated approach to various disciplines and themes associated with the challenges faced in our region.CONTENT Introduction...................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER ONE. Tobacco Use and Social Skills in Children from Two Schools in Pereira, Colombia .......................................................................................................9 Angélica María Blanco Vanegas, Natalia Jeaneth Carmona Valencia and Ángela Liceth Pérez Rendón CHAPTER TWO. Lesbian visibility: between control and family silence.................................................35 Mireya Ospina Botero and Carolina Carmona Castilla CHAPTER THREE. New centralities in the city of Pereira, 1990-2019 .......................................................65 Cesar Augusto Castaño Galvis CHAPTER FOUR. Bibliometric analysis of scientific publications on the effect of roots on slope stability ...........................................................................................................95 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Raúl Alberto Gaviria Valencia, César Augusto Peñuela Meneses, Carlos Alberto Ospina Parra CHAPTER FIVE. Sustainability of local agri-food systems in a municipality of the Eje Cafetero, Colombia...............................................................................................131 Jaime Cardona Ocampo, Orlando Ospina Salazar and Julia Arredondo Botero CHAPTER SIX. Organizational strategies aimed at the Emberá Chamí unified indigenous reservation, Inamurcito community located in the municipality of Pueblo Rico, Risaralda............................................................................................................163 Carla Johana Martínez García and Yenny Marcela Vélez Herrera CHAPTER SEVEN. Psychomotor profile of children between 4 and 5 years old in the city of Pereira, Colombia ...................................................................................................199 Jhonatan Gonzalez-Santamaría and Claudia Jimena Lopez-Garcia CHAPTER EIGHT. Analysis of assembly tasks without the use of vision: an opportunity for the design of support technologies in manufacturing environments.....................217 Gustavo Adolfo Peña Marín, Carlos Andrés Quintero Diaztagle and Juan Diego Gallego Góme